What type of test requires students to form a structured argument using materials presented in class?

The correct answer is the essay. An essay requires students to articulate their understanding of a topic by forming a structured argument, often supported by materials and concepts presented in class. This type of test not only evaluates a student's knowledge and comprehension but also their ability to analyze information, develop a coherent argument, and express their thoughts in written form. Students are encouraged to engage critically with the material, demonstrating their ability to synthesize information and present it logically.

In contrast, a practical exam typically assesses hands-on skills and application of knowledge in real-world scenarios rather than requiring written argumentation. A multiple-choice test is designed to evaluate recognition and recall of specific facts or concepts without the need for in-depth responses. A true/false test presents binary options that limit the student's ability to elaborate or argue their understanding of the material. Thus, the essay format is uniquely suited for tasks requiring structured argumentation and critical thinking based on class material.